Male users may experience sperm cell abnormalities and decreased sperm count.

男性服用者可能会出现精子细胞异常并且减少精子数量。

Most epigenetic marks are erased when egg and sperm cells are formed.

当子和精子细胞形成时， 大多数表徵标记会被去除。

So an egg cell must be fertilized by a sperm cell to form two full sets of chromosomes.

因此，细胞必须由精子受精才能形成两套完整染色体。

Occasionally, an accident occurs when the egg or sperm cell is forming, creating an extra chromosome number 21.

有时候，在细胞或精子形成时会发生意外，产生出一个多余21号染色体。

Normally, each egg and sperm cell contains 23 chromosomes, and, when they unite, 23 pairs or 46 in total.

正常情况下，每个细胞和精子含有23个染色体，当它们结合在一起时，总共有23对即46个染色体。

Basically, one of its ovaries started producing spermatocytes, the precursors to sperm cells.

基本上，它一个巢开始产生精母细胞，精子细胞前体。

And his discoveries of blood cells, sperm cells, parasites and bacteria were altogether extraordinary.

他对血细胞、精子细胞、寄生虫和细菌发现都是非同寻常。

Well, why wouldn't the DNA of the sperm cells and the egg

，什精子细胞和子 DNA 不可以呢？

Now, if an egg cell combines with any of these sperm cells that have the missing chromosome, then you get Turner syndrome.

现在，如果一个细胞与这些缺少染色体精子细胞中任意一个相结合，就会造成特纳综合征。

Babies start to grow in the womb when a sperm cell meets an egg and fertilises it.

当精子细胞与子相遇并使其受精时，婴儿就开始在子宫中生长。

Sperm cells were believed to be inert carriers of DNA, so scientists just...never really looked into it.

精子细胞被认是 DNA 惰性载体， 所以科学家们只是… … 从未真正研究过它。

And what if you replaced that mutated gene before an embryo even developed -- like, in an egg or sperm cell?

如果你甚至在胚胎发育之前就替换了个突变基因——比如在子或精子细胞中？

The wind or a pollinator carried pollen from the flower of one of its parents to the other, where a sperm cell fertilized an egg.

风或者粉昆虫把花粉从亲本植株中一棵带到另一棵，在里精子细胞使子受精。

Among the most important are the sertoli cells inside the tubes, which nourish developing sperm cells, sort of like how female follicle cells help oocytes.

其中最重要是管内支持细胞，它滋养发育中精子细胞，有点像女性泡细胞如何帮助母细胞。

When the sperm cell from your father which carries an 'X' or a 'Y' chromosome fuse with the egg from your mother, which carries an 'X' chromosome.

这时，一个来自父亲，携带“X”或“Y”染色体精子会和来自母亲，携带一个“X”染色体子结合。

In order to package up half the chromosomes into either a sperm cell or an egg cell, you actually start with a single cell that has 46 chromosomes.

了将一半染色体打包装进精子或细胞中，你其实是从一个具有46条染色体体细胞开始。

By definition, when biologists talk about this, animals that are males have a little sex cell, which carries genes and nothing else – sperm cells.

根据定义，当生物学家谈论这一点时，雄性动物有一个小性细胞，它携带基因， 而不携带其他东西——精子细胞。

Some of the only parts of the body whose motions aren't governed by the muscular system are sperm cells, the hair-like cilia in our airways, and certain white blood cells.

而在我们身体某些部分，动作不是由肌肉系统控制，它们包括精细胞，我们气道里丝状纤维，还有某些白细胞。

First, they all start as single-celled zygotes — made from a sperm cell and egg cell combo — that become multicellular embryos: the tiny beginnings of roots, stems, and leaves.

首先，它们都是从单细胞受精开始——由精子细胞和细胞组合而成——然后变成多细胞胚胎：根、茎和叶微小开端。

We also know that they’re inherited, but for a long time, geneticists thought that sperm cells were too small to contain both the genome AND the epigenetic information of the donor.

我们也知道它们是， 但很长一段时间以来，学家认精子细胞太小而无法包含供体基因组和表观信息。